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Manitowoc is a city in and the county seat of Manitowoc County, Wisconsin, United States.〔(【引用サイトリンク】accessdate=2011-06-07 )〕 The city is located on Lake Michigan at the mouth of the Manitowoc River. According to the 2010 census, Manitowoc had a population of 33,736, with over 50,000 residents in the surrounding communities. The city's sister city is Kamogawa, Japan. ==History== Purported to mean ''dwelling of the great spirit'', Manitowoc derived its name from either the Anishinaabe language word ''manidoowaak(wag)'', meaning spirit-spawn(s), or ''manidoowaak(oog)'', meaning spirit-wood(s).〔("Manitowoc" ) in ''Dictionary of Wisconsin History''〕 In 1838, an act of the Territorial Legislature separated Manitowoc County from Brown County, keeping the native name for the region.〔("Chapter II: The Indians" ), ''A History of Manitowoc County'', Ralph G. Plumb, 1904.〕〔("History" ), ''City of Manitowoc'' site. Retrieved 29 May 2008.〕 In 1820, Matthew Stanley and his wife were the first to settle in the area. . In 1835, President Andrew Jackson authorized land sales for the region, drawing the interest of land speculators. William Jones and Louis Fizette were the two first recorded buyers on August 3, 1835, with the majority of the land being procured by the Chicago firm Jones, King, & Co. Benjamin Jones, brother of William, took the Wisconsin property as his share and is considered the founder of Manitowoc. Early immigrant groups included Germans, Norwegians, British, Irish, and Canadians.〔("Chapter III: Early Settlement" ), ''A History of Manitowoc County'', Ralph G. Plumb, 1904.〕 The first school in Manitowoc was held in the Jones warehouse, with S. M. Peake instructing the twelve children of the community.〔("Chapter XIII: Education" ), ''A History of Manitowoc County'', Ralph G. Plumb, 1904.〕 The first religious organization in the county, St. James' Episcopal Church, first met in 1841.〔("Episcopal and Methodist Episcopal Churches" ), ''A History of Manitowoc County'', Ralph G. Plumb, 1904.〕 Manitowoc was chartered as a village on March 6, 1851〔 and on March 12, 1870 was incorporated as a city.〔 In 1847, Joseph Edwards built the first schooner in the area, the ''Citizen'', a modest precursor to the shipbuilding industry that produced schooners and clippers used for fishing and trading in the Great Lakes and beyond the St. Lawrence River.〔("Chapter VI: Marine" ), ''A History of Manitowoc County'', Ralph G. Plumb, 1904.〕 In addition, landing craft, tankers and submarines became the local contributions to U.S. efforts in World War II. On September 5, 1962, a piece of the seven-ton Sputnik 4 crashed on North 8th Street. Sputnik 4 was a USSR satellite, part of the Sputnik program and a test-flight of the Vostok spacecraft that would be used for the first human spaceflight. It was launched on May 15, 1960. A bug in the guidance system had pointed the capsule in the wrong direction, so instead of dropping into the atmosphere the satellite moved into a higher orbit. It re-entered the atmosphere on or about September 5, 1962.〔(Sputnik Crashed Here, Manitowoc, Wisconsin )〕 A cast was made from the original piece before the Soviets claimed it, and the cast was displayed at the Rahr West Art Museum.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Sputnik Crashed Here )〕 A customer in a nearby art gallery jokingly suggested that the city should hold a festival to celebrate the crash.〔 The city held the first Sputnikfest in 2008, which was organized by the head of both museums.〔 Manitowoc is home to the Wisconsin Maritime Museum, and is one endpoint of the ferry route of the SS ''Badger'', which connects U.S. Route 10 to Ludington, Michigan. Since the late 1990s, several new shopping centers have opened in the city, mostly on the southwest side of the city along Interstate 43, including the new Harbor Town Center shopping complex. The downtown area has also seen a resurgence, with several new restaurants opening, and the recent announcement of new $100,000+ condominiums on the Manitowoc River, along with a completion of the riverwalk trail. The bulk of the redevelopment in the city has been undertaken by the public/private partnership the Manitowoc County Economic Development Corporation. President Obama visited Manitowoc on January 26, 2011, the day after his first State of the Union speech. He spoke to workers at Orion Energy, a manufacturer of solar technology, and praised Manitowoc for reinventing itself after the departure of Mirro Aluminum Company in 2003. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Manitowoc, Wisconsin」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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